leafage is oval , glistening and spiny ; normal color is dark olive green . tree maintain a small Great Pyramid shape . yield is shiny crimson orange . Gender is female . This holly does n’t do as well as others by the seacoast . This metal money does n’t take well to transplanting . Prune in the spring . Check the gender before planting . This holly grows beneficial in full sun .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
Pinching is removing the stem tips of a young plant to advertise branching . Doing this annul the need for more grave pruning by and by on .
Thinning involves removing whole branches back to the trunk . This may be done to open up up the interior of a plant to have more light in and to increase air circulation that can cut down on works disease . The best way to start thinning is to begin by removing dead or morbid wood .
Shearing is leveling the control surface of a shrub using hand or electrical shear . This is done to maintain the desired shape of a hedge or topiary .
rejuvenate is removal of previous branches or the overall reduction of the size of a shrub to touch on its original form and size . It is recommended that you do not remove more than one third of a plant at a time . call back to remove branches from the inside of the plant as well as the exterior . When rejuvenate works with canes , such as nandina , shorten back canes at various superlative so that plant will have a more innate look . weather condition : Full SunFull Sunis defined as photograph to more than 6 60 minutes of continuous , unmediated Dominicus per daytime .
Watering
If the problem is only on the surface , it possibly diverted to a drainage ditch . If drain is poor where water mesa is high , install an hole-and-corner drain system of rules . You should contact a declarer for this . If hole-and-corner drains already exist , mark to see if they are blocked .
French drains are another choice . French drains are ditches that have been meet with gravel . It is ok to plant sod on top of them . More obtrusive , but a good solvent where expression are n’t as important , think of the French waste pipe as a ditch filled with crushed rock . Ditches should be 3 to 4 feet deep and have sloping sides .
A soakway is a gravel filled stone where water is divert to via underground piping . This work well on site that have compacted soil . Your soakway should be about 6’wide and cryptical and fill with gravel or trounce Harlan Fisk Stone , top with moxie and sodded or seed .
Keep in mind that it is illegal to divert piddle onto other hoi polloi ’s property . If you do not palpate that you may implement a viable solvent on your own , call a contractile organ . Conditions : Moist and Well DrainedMoist and well drainedmeans exactly what it vocalize like . Soil is dampish without being torpid because the texture of the filth allows excess wet to debilitate away . Most works like about 1 inch of weewee per week . Amending your soil with compost will help improve texture and water retention or run out capacity . A 3 inch level of mulch will facilitate to maintain soil moisture and studies have shown that mulched plants grow quicker than non - mulched plant .
Planting
If container - spring up , lie the tree on its side and remove the container . Loosen the roots around the edge without breaking up the beginning ball too much . Position tree in plaza of cakehole so that the good side confront ahead . You are quick to get down filling in with stain .
If plant a balled and burlaped tree , place it in hole so that the serious side faces forward . Untie or remove nail from burlap at top of orb and displume burlap back , so it does not beat out of kettle of fish when soil is replaced . synthetical burlap should be removed as it will not decompose like natural burlap . Larger trees often come in conducting wire baskets . Plant as you would a b&b flora , but cut as much of the conducting wire away as possible without actually remove the basket . Chances are , you would do more terms to the rootball by removing the hoop . Simply cut away wires to leave several large opening for theme .
Fill both holes with soil the same way of life . Never amend with less than half original ground . Recent studies show that if your soil is loose enough , you are better off adding small or no ground amendment .
make a water ring around the outer edge of the hole . Not only will this conseve piss , but will direct moisture to perimeter stem , encouraging outer ontogeny . Once Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree is install , water pack may be leveled . study show that mulched Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree grow faster than those unmulched , so add a 3 " " layer of pinestraw , compost , or pulverise bark over backfilled region . transfer any damaged tree branch .
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the flora through the roots or the prow at soil level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you surmise Rhizoctonia may be your trouble , decrease watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilt ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 part water solution . antimycotic can be used , according to label directions . Consult a professional for a effectual recommendation of what fungicide to utilize . Pest : MaggotsMaggotslive in the soil , jaw the root haircloth off of plants and love to tunnel through radical crops such as onion , garlic and leeks . They are about 1/3 of an inch long , glistening blanched and blunt - headed . grownup are coloured gray-haired tent-fly that resemble the vernacular housefly .
Prevenion and Control : Floating quarrel cover song or cheesecloth localize over seedbed in former leap may deter egg laying on untested flora . Crop gyration is a must . Always remove and destroy infected plants . Beneficial nemtodes will feed on maggots as well . Till soil well in the fall to let on and put down pupa . Pest : Fungus Gnats and ShorefliesFungus GnatsorShore fliesare small vexatious flies which can often be a nuisance inside the home . About the size of fruit flies , they can be picture running on the grease airfoil of potty . They seem to favor sozzled stain conditions and may thrive in mixes containing hardwood barque or manure . While the worm - comparable larva can cause ascendant terms and adult can transmit works diseases , they rarely do severe flora damage .
Possible ascendence : forefend over - tearing soil . Another option : function label insecticidal drenches against the juvenile stages . Adults can be controlled with urge insecticides , as well . promote natural enemies such as parasitical nematodes in the garden . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - bodied worm that grow a waxy powdery covering . They have thrust / sucking sassing share that draw the sap out of plant life tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton and they tend to congregate where parting and stems branch . They attack a wide range of plants . The untried tend to move around until they discover a worthy alimentation spot , then they hang out in colonies and provender . Mealybugs can weaken a works leading to sensationalistic foliage and leaf drop . They also bring forth a honeyed substance called honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can pass to an untempting shameful surface fungous growth call coal-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infest plants from those that are not . refer your local garden centerfield professional or the Cooperative Extension position in your county for a effectual insecticide / chemical recommendation . advance natural enemy such as lady beetles in the garden to assist reduce population levels of mealy bugs . blighter : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that look like tiny moths , which attack many types of plants . The flying grownup point prefers the underside of leaves to tip and stock . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female person can lay up to 500 testis in a liveliness brace of 2 months . If a industrial plant is infested with whitefly , you will see a swarm of flee insects when the plant life is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , eventually leading to plant death if they are not ensure . They can impart many harmful plant virus . They also bring forth a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive contraband surface fungal emergence prognosticate sooty mould .
potential controls : keep grass down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; slay infested plant aside from non - infested plants ; apply a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with yellow viscid calling card , enforce labeled pesticides ; promote natural enemies such as parasitic wasp in the garden ; and sometimes a upright unshakable shower of water supply will wash them off the plant . Pest : AphidsAphids are modest , mild - bodied , easy - moving insects that fellate fluid from plants . Aphidscome in many colour , ranging from green to John Brown to black , and they may have annex . They attack a wide range of plant metal money make stunt flying , flex leave and buds . They can transmit harmful plant viruses with their piercing / sucking mouthparts . Aphids , broadly speaking , are just a nuisance , since it takes many of them to cause serious plant harm . However aphids do produce a dulcet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting calamitous Earth’s surface increment called jet-black mold .
Aphids can increase promptly in numbers and each female person can give rise up to 250 live nymph in the course of a month without union . Aphids often appear when the surroundings changes - spring & fall . They ’re often massed at the tips of branch feeding on lush tissue paper . aphid are attracted to the semblance yellowness and will often hitchhike on xanthous article of clothing .
Prevention and Control : Keep grass to an absolute lower limit , especially around desirable plant life . On victuals , wash off infect area of plant life . Lady bugs and lacewings will feed on aphid in the garden . There are various product - constitutive and inorganic - that can be used to check aphids . Seek the recommendation of a professional and accompany all recording label procedures to a tee . Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis normally witness on plants that do not have enough air circulation or tolerable Light Within . Problems are worse where night are nerveless and 24-hour interval are warm and humid . The powdery white or grey-headed fungus is usually found on the upper aerofoil of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often turn scandalmongering or brown , curl up , and cut down off . fresh foliage emerge crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops betimes .
Prevention and Control : institute resistant varieties and blank plants right so they receive equal light and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the leafage . This is paramount for roses . Go slow on the nitrogen fertiliser . Apply antimycotic harmonise to recording label counselling before job becomes terrible and follow directions exactly , not missing any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , blossom , or debris in the nightfall and destroy . disease : Pythium and Phytophtora Root RotRot Rot , PythiumorPhytophthoraoccurs when soil wet tier are too high and fungal spore present in the territory , come in contact with the susceptible works . The base of stems discolor and shrink , and give further up the chaff wilt and die . foliage near base are bear on first . The roots will turn dark and moulder or break . This fungi can be introduce by using unsterilized soil mix or contaminated water .
Prevention and ControlRemove affect plant and their roots , and discard surrounding soil . substitute with industrial plant that are not susceptible , and only use tonic , sterilized land mix . Hold back on fertilizing too . Try not to over body of water industrial plant and make certain that dirt is well drain prior to implant . This fungus is not treatable by chemicals .
Rhizoctonia Root and Stem Rot symptoms look interchangeable to Pythium Root Rot , but the Rhizoctonia fungus seems to flourish in well drained soils . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are cause by fungi or bacterium . Brown or ignominious floater and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - butt on appearance . Insects , rain , unsportsmanlike garden tools , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infect leaves when the plant is ironic . folio that hoard around the base of the plant should be graze up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; H2O should be point at land level . For fungal leaf spots , use a recommended fungicide according to recording label focusing .
gadfly : Leaf MinersLeaf Mineris actually a condition that applies to various larvae ( of moths , beetle , and flies ) that tunnel between upper and lower leaf surfaces , pull up stakes a distinctive , squiggly figure . A female adult can lay several hundred egg inside the leaf which hatch and give rise to miner . folio miners tone-beginning ornamentals and vegetables .
Prevention and Control : Keep dope down and watch individual plants for tell - tale squiggle . Pick and destroy these leaves and take vantage of lifelike enemies such as epenthetic wasps . Know the Growing Degree Days ( GDD ) * for your orbit to point insecticide spray when most good for check the specific foliage mineworker . Seek a professional recommendation and trace all label subroutine to a teeing ground . * GDD numbers should be available from your local Cooperative Extension office . disease : AnthracnoseAnthracnose is the result of a flora transmission , make by a fungus , and may cause severe defoliation , especially in Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree , but rarely results in decease . Sunken patch on root , fruit , leaves , or twig , appear grayish brown , may appear reeking , and have pinkish - tan spore masses that come along gook - comparable . On vegetables , spots may enlarge as yield matures .
Prevention and Control : Once give they are laborious to control . Isolate overrun plants aside from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension role in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . promote natural enemies such as parasitic white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden . sens : AlgaeAlgaeis a one - celled organism that reproduces by cell division , spores , or fragmentation . It thrives in warm up weewee that receives full sun and has an ample supply of nutrients . Algae are most commonly base in ponds that that are not ecologically balanced or in low - lie areas on land or in drainage ditches . Most noticeable in spring , when urine get to warm , as a dark-green cast or moving picture on the pool ’s surface . On land , alga may appear wretched and light-green or scum - comparable . Prevention and Control : The best bar is to strive for an ecologically balanced pool . It is recommended that you provide at least one oxygenise flora per 1 square groundwork of pool airfoil . Good oxygenators include charis , cabomba , and vallisneria , all of which compete with alga for carbon copy dioxide and nutrient . The second step would be to stop any fertilizer runoff from entering the pond and to slim the amount of intellectual nourishment fed to fish . Both overload water with nutrients , score alga problem worse . Reducing the amount of sunlight diffuse the pool ’s surface is the third step . fungus kingdom : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is chance on the airfoil of folio . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy microbe , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it cover / scorch the foliage and stems of the plant . The honorable mode to contain sooty mold is to control the louse that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can usually be wipe from leaves with a damp cloth or wash off forth with a hosiery - end nebulizer . Diseases : BlightBlights are make by fungus kingdom or bacterium that kill plant tissue . Symptoms often show up as the speedy spotting or wilting of foliage . There are many different blights , specific to various plant , each requiring a varied method acting of control .
Miscellaneous
Prevention and Control : Keep virus carriers such as aphids , leafhoppers , and thripid under control . These plant eating insect disperse virus . computer virus can also be introduce by infected pollen or through industrial plant opening ( as when clip ) . Begin bykeeping the pathogen outof your garden . New plants should be checked , as well as tools and be plants . apply only license seed that is deemed disease - loose . Plant only resistive varietiesandcreate a discouraging environmentby rotating crops , not planting close bear on plants in the same area every twelvemonth .
