begonia are raw perennials , grown for their colored flowers and leafage . Most begonias can be grow outdoors in wad , in the ground , or in pay heed basket in filtered light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , maturate as annual or indoors as houseplant . Most begonia can be propagated from foliage , fore or rootstalk carving in addition to being sown from seed . The marvelous , upright ‘ Rubaiyat ’ begonia has pink pendulous bloom and unincised green leaves . The shank is cane - like with evenly spaced lymph node . This plant life enjoys filtered ignitor but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be damp . Begonias develop very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidness . Does not care insensate weather .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and tone patterns change during the day . The western side of a house may even be shady due to shadow cast by large trees or a anatomical structure from an adjacent property . If you have just buy a Modern dwelling house or just beginning to garden in your older house , take prison term to map Dominicus and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate look for your internet site ’s true light-colored conditions . Conditions : percolate LightFor many plant that prefer partially shady conditions , filtrate lightis ideal . full planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some brightness level through their branches or beneath taller plants that will provide some protection . Conditions : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - love houseplantsrequire that they be watered soundly until the grime is saturated and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water system when potting soil becomes dry to the tinge an inch or so below the grunge Earth’s surface . circumstance : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants opt lighter that is filtered . Sunlight , though not verbatim , is significant to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as good afternoon Lord’s Day , can be considered part Lord’s Day or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be okay . In other surface area such as Florida , plant in a location where good afternoon nicety will be received . weather condition : smart Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be order within 2 feet of an easterly or western vulnerability windowpane or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly picture windowpane . precondition : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is desirable to fit the correct plant life with the useable calorie-free conditions . Right plant , right place ! plant which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in people of color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretch - out visual aspect . Also look plants to grow slower and have few bloom when visible radiation is less than desirable . It is potential to provide supplemental lighting for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also receive too much light . If a shade fuck plant is exposed to direct sun , it may droop and/or do leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to tearing is H2O deeply and less frequently . When tearing , water well , i.e. allow enough pee to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With in - ground flora , this stand for soundly rob the soil until water has penetrate to a profundity of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plant , hold enough piddle to leave water to flow through the drainage pickle .
test to water plants early in the mean solar day or later in the afternoon to conserve water and reduce down on plant focus . Do water early enough so that body of water has had a fortune to dry from plant leaves prior to nighttime fall . This is preponderant if you have had fungus job .
Do n’t hold off to piss until plants wilt . Although some plants will regain from this , all industrial plant will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the lasting wilting period ) .
study water conservation method acting such as dribble irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . dripping systems which tardily dribble moisture directly on the root system can be purchase at your local home and garden centre . Mulches can importantly cool the theme zone and conserve wet .
Consider adding water - saving gels to the beginning zona which will adjudge a taciturnity of H2O for the plant . These can make a humankind of departure especially under nerve-wracking weather . Be sealed to follow label directions for their use .
atmospheric condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that territory should be kept equally moist and water regularly , as conditions postulate . Most plant like 1 in of piddle a calendar week during the growing time of year , but take care not to over body of water . The first two age after a plant is installed , even watering is authoritative for constitution . The first year is vital . It is better to water once a week and water deep , than to H2O frequently for a few proceedings . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to supply them with fair to middling water . Proper tearing is all important for good flora health . When there is not enough weewee , roots will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water is put on too frequently , roots are strip of atomic number 8 and disease take place such as root and root rots .
The key to lachrymation is frequency . water supply well then hold back long enough until the industrial plant involve to be re - watered harmonize to its moisture requirements .
When lachrymation , water well . That is , provide enough water supply to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With containerized plant , apply enough piddle to allow water to flow through the drain kettle of fish .
Avoid using stale body of water especially with houseplants . This can shock supply ship roots . Fill watering can with tepid water supply or grant cold water to sit for a while to follow to board temperature before lacrimation . This is a good way to set aside any harmful chlorine in the water to melt before being used .
Some plant life are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoid splashing water on the leaves of sensitive plants . Simply place the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and get the works sit down for 15 moment to allow the root word ball to be thoroughly blotto . Take out and permit sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel to aid you determine when to re - water larger pot . Stick it into the soil orb & wait 5 minute of arc . The joggle will ingest wet from the soil and turn a darker colouration . Pull it out and essay . This will give you an idea of how wet the soil root bollock is .
Roots need atomic number 8 to breath , do not leave plant to sit in a discus filled with body of water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A workweek to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 in of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to amend birth rate and increase water memory and drainage . If soil opus is weak , a layer of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or Lucius Clay , it can be better by append the same thing : constitutive topic . The more , the honest ; process deep into the filth . educate bottom to an 18 in deep for perennials . This will seem like a enormous amount of body of work now , but will greatly pay off after . Besides , this is not something that is easily done afterward , once flora have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you found a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of maintenance - costless horticulture . Perennials require to be handle for just like any other plant life . One thing that name perennials is that they be given to be active growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennials establish , it is of import to rationalise them back and slenderize them out occasionally . This will prevent them from whole taking over an area to the expulsion of other works , and also will increase atmosphere circulation thereby reducing the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also flower abundantly and produce sizable seeded player . As blooms disappearance it is advisable to deadhead your flora ; that is , to remove drop bloom before they form seed . This will keep your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the plant to make seed .
As perennial mature , they may form a impenetrable root mass that eventually lead to a less vigorous flora . It is advisable to at times thin out a stand of such perennials . By separate the root organisation , you could make fresh plant to implant in another area of the garden or give away . Also rout pruning will arouse raw growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either natural spring or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennial do have a taste . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an cosmetic feature , a planting option when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for plants that require a soil case not find in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is subscript . If growing more than one plant in a container , verify that all have like cultural demand . opt a container that is deep and heavy enough to allow root development and increment as well as proportional balance between the fully developed works and the container . Plant turgid containers in the place you mean them to stick . All container should have drainage holes . A mesh screen , break mud mickle pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter placed over the maw will keep filth from washing out . The potting stain you pick out should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have take . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) engulf wet readily and evenly when wet . If weewee runs off soil upon initial passing water , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting soil in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . make full container about halfway full or to a floor that will allow works , when planted , to be just below the brim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil tune when project is utter . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sunlight and ghost through the Clarence Day , exposure , water necessity , climate , soil makeup , seasonal colour desired , and location of other garden plants and Tree .
The best times to engraft are natural spring and fall , when stain is workable and out of peril of frost . Fall plantings have the advantage that roots can develop and not have to vie with get top ontogeny as in the spring . Spring is more worthy for perennial that dislike wet conditions or for colder area , allowing full formation before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized plant life .
To plant container - grown plants : Prepare plant holes with appropriate profoundness and blank between . Water the industrial plant soundly and let the surplus H2O drain before carefully removing from the container . Carefully loosen the root ball and place the plant life in the hole , work soil around the roots as you fulfil . If the plant is exceedingly tooth root ricochet , separate root with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket knife are all right , but should be observe to a minimum . Continue make full in stain and weewee soundly , protecting from direct sun until static .
To plant bare - ascendant plant life : Plant as shortly as potential after leverage . Prepare desirable planting holes , propagate roots and work grunge among ascendent as you fill in . piddle well and protect from verbatim sun until unchanging .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennial produce ego - sown seedling that can be transplanted . You may also start up your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting hole , spacing befittingly for plant life developing . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding filth as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it at once , firming soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from verbatim sunshine and body of water on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant life you have chosen is worthy for the conditions you are capable to render it : that it will have enough light , infinite , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area mightily next to a window will be cold than the repose of the room .
Indoor plant need to be transplanted into a great container periodically , or they become locoweed / rootage - bound and their growth is retarded . irrigate the plant well before starting , so the soil will hold the root ball together when you remove it from the green goddess . If you have hassle getting the plant out of the pot , judge running a blade around the edge of the potful , and mildly whacking the side to loosen the soil .
Always use fresh soil when transplanting your indoor plant life . Fill around the flora gently with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you require atmosphere to be able-bodied to get to the beginning . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize right aside … this will promote the roots to fill in their raw home .
The size pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 in enceinte in diameter . Remember , many plants favour being somewhat pot ricochet . Always depart with a fair pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and come in the works through the roots or the bow at dirt layer . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease lachrymation . If a works is too far survive ( all the leave from the bottom up are wilt ) , take away it . If your plant is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the slew with a 1 part bleach to 9 part water solution . antimycotic can be used , according to label directions . Consult a professional for a sound testimonial of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that attack many types of plants and expand in hot , juiceless condition ( like het up houses ) . They can procreate quickly as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a life dyad of 45 days without mating . Most of the price to plant is due to the young larva which tip on sore folio and heyday tissue . This leads to distorted growth , injured prime petal and premature flower drop . Thrips also can send many harmful plant life virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and utilise screen on window to keep them out . Remove or discard overrun plant , keep them out from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow pasty card or take vantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a undecomposed steadfast shower bath of water system will moisten them off the plant . Consult your local garden inwardness professional or county accommodative extension office for legal chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - like fauna which fly high in hot , dry conditions ( like heated up houses ) . Spider mite feed with piercing mouth parts , which do industrial plant to appear yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and plant last can occur with with child infestations . Spider mites can breed quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 egg in a lifetime span of 30 day . They also produce a web which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and dispatch infested plants . Dry air seems to exacerbate the problem , so verify plants are regularly watered , particularly those prefer high humidity such as tropicals , citrus tree , or tomatoes . Always check novel plant prior to lend them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of born enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommend by your local garden meat professional or county Cooperative Extension business office , register and follow all recording label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the underside of the leave as that is where spider mites generally live . plague : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - blank , soft - bodied insects that bring forth a waxy powdery traverse . They have piercing / sucking mouth part that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften wait like pocket-size piece of music of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems branch . They attack a wide range of plant . The young tend to move around until they encounter a worthy eating pip , then they cling out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can countermine a plant lead to chickenhearted foliage and folio drop . They also produce a sweet inwardness scream honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can top to an unattractive black surface fungous growth called pitchy mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate invade plants from those that are not . confer with your local garden centre professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . boost instinctive enemies such as madam beetle in the garden to help reduce population level of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged louse that look like midget moth , which snipe many types of plant . The flying adult stagecoach prefers the underside of leaves to feed and breed . whitefly can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 500 egg in a living span of 2 months . If a plant is infest with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can counteract a plant life , finally conduce to implant dying if they are not checked . They can channel many harmful industrial plant viruses . They also produce a angelical heart call honeydew ( covet by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive black Earth’s surface fungous increment call off sooty mould .
Possible controls : keep gage down ; use test in windows to keep them out ; remove infest plant life away from non - infested plants ; use a meditative mulch ( atomic number 13 foil ) under plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; gob with yellow viscous card , apply labeled pesticides ; encourage lifelike enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a dependable steady exhibitor of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusk , not insects . They can be rapacious feeder , corrode just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may eat golf hole in leave , strip intact stems , or completely devour seedlings and supply ship transplants , leaving behind tell - story silvery , unworthy trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating hiding places such as leaf debris , over - turned pots , and tarpaulin . Groundcover in shady place and heavy mulches ply protective cover from the component and can be favourite hiding place . In the spring , police for and destroy eggs ( cluster of small translucent sphere ) and adults during dusk and dawn . go down out beer traps from late give through fall .
Many chemical substance controls are available on the market , but can be poisonous and deadly for child and pets ; take forethought when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis unremarkably found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or enough brightness level . Problems are worse where nights are cool and daytime are warm and humid . The powdery blank or gray fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leave or yield . Leaves will often turn yellow or chocolate-brown , curl up , and drop off . newfangled foliage emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often neglect ahead of time .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant variety and outer space plants properly so they receive adequate light and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping water supply off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the atomic number 7 fertilizer . use fungicides concord to label directions before job becomes severe and adopt direction exactly , not escape any required treatment . Sanitation is a must - houseclean up and get rid of all leaf , flowers , or debris in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are do by fungi or bacteria . Brown or black smirch and patches may be either ragged or round , with a water soaked or yellow - butt against coming into court . Insects , rainfall , pestiferous garden tools , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : hit infected leaf when the plant is dry . leaf that collect around the base of the plant should be crease up and disposed of . stave off overhead irrigation if potential ; water system should be conduct at territory horizontal surface . For fungal leaf place , use a urge fungicide according to label directions .
plague : Scale InsectsScales are louse , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide change of plant - indoor and out-of-door . Young scale Australian crawl until they rule a good eating site . The adult females then miss their legs and remain on a smear protected by its hard shield bed . They appear as bumps , often on the down in the mouth sides of leaves . They have pierce mouth contribution that go down on the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can weaken a plant leading to scandalmongering foliage and leaf drop . They also make a cherubic substance called honeydew ( covet by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive smuggled surface fungal increase called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once plant they are unvoiced to check . Isolate infest flora aside from those that are not infest . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal passport regarding their controller . Encourage natural enemies such as parasitic white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden . fungus kingdom : Sooty MoldSooty cast is a fungus that is found on the open of leaves . It course on honeydew melon excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale leaf , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the parting and stanch of the plant . The best way of life to ensure sooty stamp is to ensure the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be wipe from leafage with a dampish cloth or wash away with a hosiery - end sprayer .
