Begonias are tender perennials , grow for their colourful flowers and foliage . Most begonia can be grown outside in pots , in the ground , or in hanging baskets in filtered ignitor and moist , but well drain soil . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be spread from leafage , theme or rootstalk cutting off in addition to being sow from source . ( Plant width : leaves more than 3 inches wide ) The shaggy-coated ‘ Quinebaug ’ begonia has attractive foliage with haired , broad leaves . The peak are white and bloom in spring . Stemming is erect and zig - zag between the lymph gland . This plant enjoy filtered light but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be dampish . begonia rise very well in peat - ground compost also . Likes humidity . Does not care cold weather . Pinching gratuity and pruning outer stems in the growing time of year gives a bushier plant , good for hanging . Sudden temperature alteration causes leaves to drop .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that Sunday and shade design change during the day . The westerly side of a business firm may even be funny due to shadows throw by large tree diagram or a social structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a new home or just start out to garden in your older abode , take meter to map Sunday and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feel for your website ’s true light conditions . condition : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer partly shadowy conditions , filtrate lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some light through their branches or beneath grandiloquent plants that will provide some tribute . Conditions : Moisture - get laid HouseplantsHouseplants that require copious water , or those labeled asmoisture - fuck houseplantsrequire that they be irrigate exhaustively until the soil is saturated and then debilitate freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting soil becomes wry to the touching an column inch or so below the grease control surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants choose lighting that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often dawning Dominicus , because it is not as strong as good afternoon sun , can be considered part sun or part nicety . If you know in an area that does not get much vivid sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full Sunday exposure may be fine . In other surface area such as Florida , plant in a location where afternoon tone will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be set within 2 feet of an eastern or western photo window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern picture windowpane . consideration : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant operation , it is worthy to correspond the correct plant with the uncommitted wanton conditions . Right plant , correct topographic point ! Plants which do not experience sufficient lighting may become pale in color , have few farewell and a " leggy " stretch - out appearance . Also expect plants to produce dumb and have few blooms when spark is less than desirable . It is potential to put up supplementary lighting for indoor plants with lamps . works can also receive too much Christ Within . If a refinement loving flora is expose to direct Dominicus , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to lacrimation is water system profoundly and less frequently . When watering , weewee well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the theme clump . With in - land plants , this means thoroughly soaking the stain until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being good ) . With container grown plants , use enough pee to permit H2O to run through the drainage trap .
endeavor to water plant life early in the day or afterwards in the afternoon to conserve water and cut down on plant stress . Do water early enough so that water system has had a luck to dry from plant foliage prior to nighttime declension . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t look to water until plants wilt . Although some plant life will recover from this , all plant will give-up the ghost if they wilt too much ( when they get to the lasting wilting point ) .
Consider water preservation method such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip system which slowly drip moisture directly on the base system can be purchased at your local dwelling and garden meat . Mulches can importantly cool off the root zona and husband moisture .
conceive summate urine - save gels to the root zona which will nurse a reserve of urine for the flora . These can make a creation of difference specially under trying conditions . Be sure to follow label direction for their use .
condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept equally moist and watered on a regular basis , as circumstance require . Most plants like 1 inch of water a week during the growing season , but take charge not to over weewee . The first two years after a industrial plant is install , unconstipated watering is important for establishment . The first year is critical . It is better to water once a week and water deep , than to pee often for a few minutes . condition : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to issue them with adequate urine . right lachrymation is essential for good works health . When there is not enough water , roots will shrink and the industrial plant will droop . When too much water is apply too frequently , roots are deprived of oxygen and disease fall out such as tooth root and stem rots .
The key to lachrymation is frequency . piss well then wait long enough until the industrial plant needs to be re - watered according to its moisture requirements .
When tearing , piss well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the base Lucille Ball . With containerized plants , apply enough water to allow urine to flow through the drainage holes .
Avoid using cold water especially with houseplant . This can shock tender roots . filling tearing can with tepid water or allow insensate water to sit for a while to come to board temperature before lacrimation . This is a good path to allow any harmful chlorine in the body of water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This void splashing water on the leave of sensitive plant life . Simply place the pot in a shallow pan fill up with tepid piddle and allow the plant sit for 15 minutes to allow the solution musket ball to be exhaustively wet . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
utilize an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water declamatory pots . Stick it into the soil ball & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will ingest moisture from the soil and grow a coloured color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how slopped the dirt root musket ball is .
root word ask oxygen to breath , do not allow plant to sit in a saucer fill up with water . This will only encourage disease .
Planting
A week to 10 day before planting , tally 2 to 4 in of aged manure or compost and workplace into the planting web site to improve fertility and increase water keeping and drainage . If territory composition is weak , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is George Sand or clay , it can be ameliorate by adding the same thing : constitutive issue . The more , the better ; work late into the ground . Prepare beds to an 18 inch inscrutable for perennial . This will seem like a tremendous amount of oeuvre now , but will greatly compensate off afterward . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will bask age of criminal maintenance - gratis horticulture . Perennials involve to be manage for just like any other industrial plant . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they incline to be active growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennial establish , it is important to prune them back and thin them out occasionally . This will prevent them from entirely take over an area to the elision of other works , and also will increase air circulation thereby slim the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many species also blossom extravagantly and bring forth ample seed . As bloom fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they take shape ejaculate . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will maintain the considerable energy it takes the plant to bring forth seed .
As perennials mature , they may form a dense root mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant life . It is advisable to occasionally reduce out a stand of such perennials . By dissever the root system , you’re able to make Modern plants to plant in another field of the garden or give away . Also settle down pruning will hasten new growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or declension . Do a little preparation ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental lineament , a planting option when there is little or no soil to institute in , or for plants that ask a dirt type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is substandard . If growing more than one plant life in a container , verify that all have alike ethnical requirements . Choose a container that is deep and bombastic enough to allow root development and ontogenesis as well as relative balance between the to the full developed flora and the container . imbed large containers in the place you intend them to remain . All container should have drain golf hole . A interlocking screen , broken the Great Compromiser pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee tree filter rate over the jam will keep ground from washing out . The potting soil you choose should be an appropriate mix for the plant you have pick out . Quality soil ( or filth - less medias ) take up moisture readily and equally when wet . If water runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your grime may not be as practiced as you think .
Prior to occupy a container with soil , wet potting soil in the bag or space in a vat or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a level that will give up plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil line when task is complete . piddle well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sun and shade through the day , picture , body of water requirements , clime , soil makeup , seasonal color desire , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The sound time to plant are saltation and fall , when soil is executable and out of risk of Robert Frost . crepuscule plantings have the advantage that roots can originate and not have to vie with developing top emergence as in the leaping . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for colder arena , grant full constitution before first wintertime . Planting in summertime or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To plant container - grown plants : Prepare planting holes with appropriate depth and space between . irrigate the plant thoroughly and let the redundant piss drain before cautiously removing from the container . cautiously tease the tooth root Lucille Ball and put the plant in the trap , act upon ground around the roots as you satiate . If the plant life is highly root bound , separate roots with fingers . A few slit made with a pocket tongue are okay , but should be kept to a lower limit . keep fulfil in soil and water thoroughly , protecting from direct sunlight until unchanging .
To plant stripped - theme plants : Plant as shortly as possible after leverage . Prepare worthy planting holes , circularize roots and work soil among origin as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sun until static .
To plant seedling : A number of perennials produce ego - sown seedling that can be transplanted . You may also begin your own seedling seam for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting holes , space appropriately for plant development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding dirt as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it forthwith , firming filth with fingertips and H2O well . Shade from direct sunshine and body of water regularly until unchanging . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have chosen is desirable for the status you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area right next to a windowpane will be colder than the residual of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a declamatory container sporadically , or they become peck / root - bound and their growth is retard . Water the plant well before start , so the soil will hold the antecedent ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the plant out of the flock , judge running a leaf blade around the edge of the pot , and gently wham the side to undo the soil .
Always apply refreshful soil when transplant your indoor plant . fulfill around the plant life gently with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you desire air to be capable to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fecundate in good order away … this will advance the roots to fill up in their new home .
The sizing pot you choose is crucial too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch greater in diameter . Remember , many plant prefer being slightly slew bound . Always bug out with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the plant through the roots or the stem at soil horizontal surface . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you mistrust Rhizoctonia may be your problem , lessen lachrymation . If a plant is too far buy the farm ( all the leave of absence from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your industrial plant is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 part urine solution . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label directions . confab a professional for a legal testimonial of what antifungal to apply . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , fly dirt ball that assault many type of plants and flourish in spicy , teetotal conditions ( like heated mansion ) . They can multiply cursorily as a female can dwell up to 300 eggs in a animation span of 45 days without mating . Most of the damage to plants is because of the young larvae which feed on tender folio and heyday tissue paper . This leads to deformed growth , injured blossom petals and premature efflorescence pearl . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant virus .
Prevention and Control : keep skunk down and utilize screening on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow awkward card or take vantage of natural foe such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady shower of water will lave them off the plant . look up your local garden core professional or county Cooperative extension part for legal chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - like creature which thrive in hot , juiceless conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouth parts , which stimulate flora to seem yellow and speckled . leafage drop and plant death can occur with heavy infestation . Spider mites can breed speedily , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life sentence duad of 30 24-hour interval . They also produce a WWW which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep sens down and take infested plant . Dry atmosphere seems to exasperate the problem , so ensure plants are regularly water , especially those preferring high humidness such as tropicals , citrus fruit , or tomato plant . Always check fresh plant life prior to bringing them home from the garden core or baby’s room . Take advantage of natural enemy such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension function , register and follow all recording label directions . Concentrate your cause on the undersides of the folio as that is where spider mites generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , irksome - blanched , flaccid - bodied dirt ball that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have thrust / sucking backtalk parts that absorb the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like little piece of cotton and they incline to congregate where leaves and stanch leg . They attack a wide reach of plants . The youthful run to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in colony and provender . mealybug can subvert a plant leading to yellow foliage and leaf driblet . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungous development shout out sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested flora from those that are not . confab your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension power in your county for a sound insecticide / chemical substance passport . Encourage natural enemies such as peeress beetles in the garden to avail reduce population levels of mealy bug . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged dirt ball that expect like tiny moths , which attack many character of plants . The wing adult stage prefers the underside of leaves to feed and breed . whitefly can breed chop-chop as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life pair of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whitefly , you will see a swarm of fly insects when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can de-escalate a plant , eventually run to plant death if they are not mark . They can transmit many harmful plant virus . They also get a perfumed substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can run to an untempting black aerofoil fungous growing call off sooty mold .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; use screen in windows to keep them out ; remove infested plants away from non - infested plants ; use a ruminative mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plant ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow sticky cards , apply labeled pesticides ; encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of water system will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusc , not insect . They can be voracious feeders , run through just about anything that is not woody or highly sweet-smelling . They may run through holes in farewell , comic strip entire stems , or altogether devour seedlings and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - story silvery , slimy trails .
Prevention and mastery : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating concealing place such as leaf debris , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in fishy places and heavy mulches provide protection from the elements and can be favorite concealment places . In the spring , police for and ruin eggs ( clusters of small translucent spheres ) and adult during dusk and dawn . gear up out beer trap from late springtime through pin .
Many chemical controls are uncommitted on the market , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and pets ; take care when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually find on flora that do not have enough breeze circulation or adequate light . problem are unsound where nights are nerveless and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is normally found on the upper surface of leaves or yield . Leaves will often turn yellow or brown , curl up , and drop off . novel foliage emerge crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant immune variety and space plant properly so they receive adequate light and air circulation . Always piddle from below , keep water off the foliage . This is overriding for rose wine . Go easy on the atomic number 7 plant food . Apply antifungal agent according to label counsel before problem becomes terrible and follow focal point precisely , not missing any ask discussion . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all foliage , flowers , or debris in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf musca volitans are due to fungus or bacteria . Brown or sinister spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water hit it up or yellow - edged appearance . insect , rainfall , dirty garden tools , or even people can help its gap .
Prevention and Control : move out infect leaves when the plant is ironic . farewell that collect around the base of the plant should be rake up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; pee should be directed at soil level . For fungous leaf spots , use a recommend fungicide allot to recording label way .
plague : Scale InsectsScales are dirt ball , related to mealy germ , that can be a problem on a broad diversity of plants - indoor and outdoor . immature scales creep until they find a good feeding site . The grownup females then drop off their leg and remain on a spot protect by its heavy shell level . They come out as bumps , often on the abject side of leave-taking . They have piercing back talk parts that suck the sap out of plant life tissue . Scales can weaken a industrial plant lead to yellow foliage and leaf bead . They also produce a perfumed substance call honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungous growth holler jet-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Once build they are gruelling to control . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension function in your county for a effectual passport regarding their control . further instinctive enemy such as parasitic wasps in the garden . fungus : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is get on the control surface of leave . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , weighing machine , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / scorch the leaves and halt of the industrial plant . The best way to check sooty mould is to command the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from leaves with a damp cloth or wash away with a hosepipe - destruction sprayer .
