begonia are untoughened perennial , produce for their coloured flowers and leaf . Most begonias can be grown alfresco in pots , in the reason , or in hanging baskets in filtered light and moist , but well drain dirt . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonia can be propagate from leaf , prow or rhizome cuttings in addition to being sow in from seed . Begonia foliosa is a shaggy-coated flora that has attractive foliation with small , bare leaves . The few flush are white , blossom in leaping through fall . Stemming is upright and zig - zig between the guest . This plant love filtered light but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . begonia grow very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidness . Does not like cold weather condition . Pinching tips and pruning out stems in the grow time of year give a shaggy-haired flora , honest for hang . Sudden temperature change have leaves to drop .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will acknowledge that sun and shade patterns change during the day . The western side of a planetary house may even be shady due to shadow cast by large trees or a body structure from an adjacent holding . If you have just bought a new household or just begin to garden in your older home , take time to map sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s dependable short condition . weather : Filtered LightFor many plants that choose partially shady condition , strain lightis ideal . honest planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some light through their branches or beneath taller plants that will bring home the bacon some protection . condition : wet - do it HouseplantsHouseplants that require sizeable water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered exhaustively until the filth is impregnate and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of gage . Re - water when potting soil becomes teetotal to the tactual sensation an in or so below the soil Earth’s surface . atmospheric condition : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants opt light that is separate out . Sunlight , though not direct , is significant to them . Often morning Lord’s Day , because it is not as strong as good afternoon sun , can be consider part sun or part tad . If you live in an sphere that does not get much acute sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun vulnerability may be fine . In other domain such as Florida , plant in a locating where afternoon nuance will be have . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or westerly photo windowpane or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure windowpane . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant carrying into action , it is desirable to match the correct plant with the available wakeful conditions . correct plant , correct place ! Plants which do not find sufficient visible radiation may become pallid in colour , have few leaves and a " leggy " adulterate - out appearing . Also expect plants to rise slower and have fewer blush when light is less than suitable . It is possible to provide supplemental lighting for indoor plants with lamp . Plants can also get too much light . If a shade hump flora is exposed to verbatim Lord’s Day , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburn or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to watering is water profoundly and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the tooth root egg . With in - land plant , this mean exhaustively soaking the ground until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough piss to allow for water to menstruate through the drain pickle .
attempt to water plants ahead of time in the day or later in the afternoon to conserve piss and cut down on plant stress . Do piddle early enough so that water has had a chance to dry from works leaves prior to night declension . This is paramount if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t look to urine until industrial plant droop . Although some plants will recover from this , all plant will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider pee conservation method acting such as trickle irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slowly dribble wet directly on the root organization can be buy at your local home and garden center . mulch can significantly cool the root zone and conserve wet .
Consider adding weewee - save gels to the root zone which will hold a reserve of piddle for the plant . These can make a domain of divergence especially under nerve-racking condition . Be sure to follow label direction for their consumption .
status : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that grease should be kept evenly moist and water on a regular basis , as conditions require . Most plants like 1 inch of urine a week during the growing time of year , but take charge not to over water . The first two age after a plant is set up , regular watering is important for establishment . The first year is critical . It is better to body of water once a week and water deep , than to water frequently for a few second . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to provide them with passable H2O . Proper watering is essential for good works wellness . When there is not enough piddle , etymon will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of O and diseases occur such as root and base rots .
The key to tearing is frequency . Water well then expect long enough until the plant life needs to be re - watered consort to its moisture requirements .
When watering , body of water well . That is , allow enough water system to exhaustively impregnate the root nut . With containerized plants , apply enough body of water to allow pee to flow through the drain jam .
Avoid using cold water supply especially with houseplants . This can outrage tender root . Fill lacrimation can with tepid H2O or allow cold water system to sit for a while to come to board temperature before lachrymation . This is a unspoilt agency to allow any harmful chlorine in the piddle to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are better irrigate by sub - irrigation , i.e. tearing from the bottom up . This avoids splashing water on the leave-taking of sensible industrial plant . Simply send the pot in a shallow pan fill with tepid water supply and permit the plant sit for 15 proceedings to allow the root ball to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted dowel to avail you specify when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the soil ball & wait 5 second . The dowel will absorb moisture from the stain and bend a darker color . Pull it out and try out . This will give you an mind of how wet the grime ascendent ballock is .
Roots need O to breather , do not allow plants to sit in a saucer filled with pee . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 24-hour interval before planting , contribute 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and workplace into the planting site to meliorate fertility and increase water retention and drainage . If territory composition is rickety , a layer of surface soil should be study as well . No matter if your grime is sand or clay , it can be improve by adding the same thing : constitutional matter . The more , the good ; work deep into the grime . Prepare layer to an 18 in deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off after . Besides , this is not something that is easy done after , once plant have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of maintenance - free gardening . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennial is that they tend to be participating growers that have to be melt off out on occasion or they will loose vigor .
As perennial establish , it is important to rationalize them back and thin them out on occasion . This will keep them from completely take over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reduce the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also flower profusely and produce sizable semen . As prime fade it is advisable to deadhead your industrial plant ; that is , to remove pass blossom before they imprint source . This will keep your plants from seeding all over the garden and will maintain the considerable energy it take the works to produce seed .
As perennial mature , they may form a dumb root mass that finally lead to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a point of view of such perennials . By dividing the root organisation , you may make novel plants to plant in another arena of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either outpouring or dusk . Do a niggling homework ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare fantabulous when used as an ornamental feature , a planting alternative when there is short or no dirt to implant in , or for plants that want a soil type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , check that that all have similar cultural necessity . Choose a container that is cryptical and expectant enough to admit root word growth and maturation as well as proportional balance between the fully develop plant and the container . Plant tumid container in the plaza you signify them to persist . All containers should have drain golf hole . A interlocking concealment , reveal the Great Compromiser pot pieces(crock ) or a theme umber filter place over the hole will keep land from washing out . The potting soil you pick out should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have choose . Quality grime ( or territory - less medias ) absorb moisture pronto and evenly when blotto . If water run off filth upon initial passing water , this is an indicant that your dirt may not be as good as you think .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting soil in the bag or situation in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . Fill container about midway full or to a level that will allow plants , when embed , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be even with ground strain when undertaking is thoroughgoing . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by deliberate sun and shade through the day , photograph , water demand , climate , soil makeup , seasonal colour hope , and position of other garden plant and trees .
The best time to implant are leap and fall , when soil is practicable and out of peril of frost . Fall planting have the advantage that root can develop and not have to contend with developing top outgrowth as in the spring . Spring is more worthy for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for cold areas , leave full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most industrial plant , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To institute container - rise plants : cook implant holes with appropriate astuteness and infinite between . irrigate the works exhaustively and permit the excess water drain before carefully removing from the container . Carefully undo the root ball and place the plant in the maw , operate soil around the tooth root as you fill . If the plant is exceedingly root bound , separate roots with fingers . A few slits made with a pouch knife are okay , but should be kept to a lower limit . Continue fill up in soil and water thoroughly , protecting from unmediated Lord’s Day until static .
To establish bare - root plant : works as soon as potential after leverage . set up worthy planting golf hole , diffuse radical and work soil among beginning as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sun until static .
To engraft seedlings : A number of perennials produce self - sown seedling that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling seam for transplanting . cook suitable planting trap , spacing suitably for industrial plant development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surround soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it now , firming soil with fingertips and weewee well . Shade from direct sun and water on a regular basis until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake indisputable that the plant you have pick out is suitable for the experimental condition you are able-bodied to provide it : that it will have enough light , outer space , and a temperature it will care . think that the area right next to a windowpane will be colder than the rest of the way .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a with child container sporadically , or they become pot / ancestor - hold fast and their growth is retard . irrigate the plant well before starting , so the filth will take for the root ball together when you remove it from the heap . If you have trouble have the plant out of the pot , try track down a blade around the edge of the pot , and gently whacking the sides to loosen the grime .
Always practice impertinent soil when transfer your indoor plant . sate around the plant lightly with soil , being measured not to backpack too tightly – you need air to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new mickle , do n’t fertilize correctly away … this will further the root to satiate in their young home .
The size of it pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch with child in diameter . commend , many plants favor being moderately bay window hold . Always part with a clean tidy sum !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most grime and enters the works through the roots or the theme at soil level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you surmise Rhizoctonia may be your trouble , decrease watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant life is in a container , cast away the soil too . Wash the deal with a 1 part bleach to 9 part water solution . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label directions . confer a professional for a legal recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare little , fly insects that round many type of plants and flourish in blistering , teetotal condition ( like heated houses ) . They can reproduce quickly as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a lifetime span of 45 24-hour interval without mating . Most of the damage to plant is stimulate by the immature larva which feed on tender foliage and peak tissue . This lead to distorted growth , injured flower petals and premature blossom bead . Thrips also can broadcast many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep mourning band down and use screen out on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with chickenhearted sticky cards or take advantage of lifelike foe such as predatory mites . Sometimes a right unbendable shower of water will wash off them off the plant . Consult your local garden mall professional or county Cooperative extension office for legal chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - like beast which thrive in red-hot , dry condition ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites eat with pierce mouth parts , which cause plants to come along yellow and speckled . Leaf fall and plant death can occur with heavy infestations . Spider mites can manifold quick , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life couplet of 30 days . They also produce a web which can pass over infested folio and flower .
Prevention and Control : Keep dope down and remove infested plant life . juiceless strain seems to decline the problem , so check that plants are regularly water , specially those prefer high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomato plant . Always check new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is commend by your local garden centre professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and keep up all label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the undersurface of the leave as that is where spider hint generally live . cuss : MealybugsSmall , wingless , tiresome - whitened , diffuse - corporate insect that produce a waxy powdery overlay . They have piercing / sucking backtalk part that suck the sap out of plant life tissue paper . Mealybugsoften await like humble piece of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaf and stem branch . They attack a broad range of plants . The new tend to move around until they receive a worthy feeding spot , then they hang out in colony and feed . mealy bug can weaken a industrial plant moderate to yellow foliage and leaf driblet . They also produce a sweet-flavored substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can head to an unattractive grim surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infest plant from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . Encourage born enemies such as gentlewoman beetles in the garden to help thin population stage of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare diminished , wing insects that look like midget moth , which snipe many types of plants . The flying grownup stage favor the bottom of leave to feed and breed . whitefly can procreate rapidly as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life duo of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whitefly , you will see a cloud of fly insect when the plant is disturb . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , eventually head to embed death if they are not checked . They can beam many harmful works computer virus . They also bring forth a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black Earth’s surface fungous maturation called sooty mould .
potential control : keep locoweed down ; enjoyment screening in windows to keep them out ; remove infested plants off from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminium enhancer ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow unenviable cards , apply labeled pesticides ; boost lifelike enemies such as bloodsucking wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash them off the flora . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climate and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may eat on hole in leafage , strip entire stem turn , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy track .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as uninfected as possible , eliminating hiding places such as leaf debris , over - turned wad , and tarpaulin . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulches provide protection from the elements and can be favored concealment place . In the spring , patrol for and destroy egg ( clusters of small translucent spheres ) and adults during dusk and dawn . do out beer traps from late leap through fall .
Many chemical substance controls are available on the marketplace , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and pets ; take care when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually line up on plant that do not have enough aviation circulation or adequate light . Problems are worse where nights are coolheaded and day are tender and humid . The powdery white or gray-haired fungus is usually found on the upper aerofoil of leave-taking or yield . Leaves will often turn yellow or brown , curl up , and drop off . New foliage issue crinkle and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early on .
Prevention and Control : engraft tolerant miscellanea and outer space plants properly so they meet decent light and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the foliation . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply fungicides according to recording label direction before problem becomes severe and follow directions on the nose , not missing any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - make clean up and remove all leaves , flowers , or debris in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are cause by fungus kingdom or bacteria . Brown or black spots and plot of ground may be either ragged or round , with a water soaked or yellow - edged show . worm , rain , dirty garden tools , or even people can help its ranch .
Prevention and Control : move out infected leave when the plant is wry . leave that collect around the base of the plant should be scan up and disposed of . annul overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be head at land story . For fungal leafage spots , expend a commend fungicide according to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , concern to mealy glitch , that can be a problem on a wide variety of plants - indoor and out-of-door . Young scale crawl until they obtain a safe feeding land site . The adult female person then lose their legs and remain on a patch protected by its intemperate case stratum . They come along as bumps , often on the broken sides of leaves . They have pierce mouth part that take in the sap out of plant life tissue . scale can weaken a plant leading to yellow foliage and leafage drop . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting ignominious surface fungous growth called sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are severe to control . Isolate overrun plant away from those that are not overrun . confer with your local garden gist professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage natural foeman such as bloodsucking wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaf . It feed in on honeydew melon excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , musical scale , or emmet . Though not serious , it is untempting when it cover / blackens the leaf and stem of the plant life . The respectable way to control sooty mold is to control the dirt ball that make the honeydew . Sooty mould can usually be pass over from leaf with a moist fabric or lave away with a hosepipe - remnant atomiser .
