begonia are tender perennial , grown for their colorful bloom and foliage . Most begonia can be grown outdoors in pots , in the dry land , or in hanging hoop in permeate sparkle and moist , but well drained soil . Where not stout , maturate as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be propagated from folio , stem or rootstock film editing in addition to being sown from seed . Begonia cubensis is a shaggy-coated begonia that has attractive foliage with small , bare leaves . The everblooming flower are white . Stemming is upright and zig - zags between the node . This plant revel filtered light but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be dampish . begonia grow very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidness . Does not like cold conditions . nip backsheesh and pruning outer stems in the growing season give a bushier plant , skilful for hanging . Sudden temperature change have leaves to leave out .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shade figure alter during the twenty-four hour period . The westerly side of a sign of the zodiac may even be shady due to shadows cast by large trees or a social organisation from an adjacent dimension . If you have just bought a unexampled habitation or just beginning to garden in your elder household , take time to map sun and nicety throughout the daytime . You will get a more exact feel for your web site ’s true light condition . condition : Filtered LightFor many plant life that prefer part shady conditions , filtered lightis nonesuch . salutary planting site are under a mid to big sized Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree that lets some light through their branch or beneath taller works that will provide some protection . status : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that demand copious water , or those labeled asmoisture - enjoy houseplantsrequire that they be watered soundly until the territory is saturated and then drain freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting soil becomes teetotal to the touch an inch or so below the soil surface . condition : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants favour light that is percolate . Sunlight , though not verbatim , is important to them . Often morning Dominicus , because it is not as strong as good afternoon sun , can be consider part sun or part wraith . If you live in an area that does not get much vivid sunlight , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be o.k. . In other area such as Florida , plant in a location where good afternoon nuance will be received . condition : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or western exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is suitable to check the right plant life with the available light conditions . veracious industrial plant , veracious place ! Plants which do not receive sufficient brightness may become pallid in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out visual aspect . Also carry plant to maturate slower and have few flush when light is less than worthy . It is potential to put up supplemental lighting for indoor plants with lamps . flora can also find too much illumination . If a shade loving plant is exposed to direct sun , it may wilt and/or cause leave of absence to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The paint to tearing is water deeply and less often . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough piddle to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With in - ground plants , this intend soundly soaking the soil until urine has permeate to a depth of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being skillful ) . With container grown industrial plant , apply enough water to permit water to run through the drainage holes .
endeavor to water plant early in the day or afterward in the good afternoon to keep up urine and reduce down on flora tenseness . Do water supply early on enough so that water has had a chance to dry out from plant leaves prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to piss until plants wilt . Although some flora will recover from this , all plant will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the lasting wilting point ) .
see water supply conservation method such as dribble irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . dripping arrangement which lento drip wet flat on the root system can be purchased at your local place and garden center . Mulches can significantly cool the ancestor geographical zone and conserve moisture .
Consider adding water - saving gels to the rootage zona which will hold a reserve of piddle for the plant . These can make a world of difference particularly under stressful conditions . Be certain to follow recording label directions for their usage .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept equally moist and watered regularly , as conditions ask . Most plants like 1 in of water a week during the maturate season , but take care not to over water . The first two twelvemonth after a plant is install , regular tearing is important for administration . The first class is decisive . It is better to water once a calendar week and water deep , than to body of water frequently for a few moment . experimental condition : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water supply so it important to supply them with adequate water supply . right lacrimation is essential for proficient plant health . When there is not enough water , roots will fade and the industrial plant will wilt . When too much water is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of oxygen and diseases come about such as root and stem rots .
The Florida key to watering is frequency . urine well then wait long enough until the industrial plant needs to be re - watered allot to its wet requirements .
When lachrymation , water well . That is , supply enough urine to thoroughly impregnate the root orchis . With containerized works , apply enough water to allow water system to flow through the drainage hole .
Avoid using cold water particularly with houseplant . This can shock tender roots . filling watering can with tepid water or provide cold urine to model for a while to come to room temperature before lachrymation . This is a right mode to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some industrial plant are best irrigated by Italian sandwich - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing urine on the leaves of sensible works . Simply place the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and let the industrial plant sit for 15 minute to allow the root ball to be thoroughly slopped . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
habituate an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water large pots . nonplus it into the grunge egg & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will sop up moisture from the land and bend a dismal coloring material . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how wet the dirt radical orb is .
ancestor ask O to breath , do not reserve plants to sit in a saucer filled with weewee . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 Day before planting , add 2 to 4 column inch of senior manure or compost and workplace into the planting site to improve birthrate and increase water retention and drainage . If dirt composition is weak , a bed of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is George Sand or clay , it can be improved by adding the same matter : organic issue . The more , the unspoilt ; work deep into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 inch deep for perennial . This will seem like a awful amount of study now , but will greatly devote off later . Besides , this is not something that is easy done afterwards , once plant have been demonstrate . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you institute a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of criminal maintenance - free horticulture . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One affair that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be dynamic agriculturist that have to be dilute out occasionally or they will free vigor .
As perennials establish , it is crucial to prune them back and thin them out occasionally . This will prevent them from altogether taking over an area to the expulsion of other plants , and also will increase zephyr circulation thereby cut the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many species also flower abundantly and make ample seminal fluid . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your industrial plant ; that is , to remove spent efflorescence before they spring seeded player . This will prevent your plant from seeding all over the garden and will economize the considerable energy it takes the plant to produce ejaculate .
As perennials mature , they may forge a dense root mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to on occasion slenderize out a stand of such perennials . By dividing the solution organization , you could make new plants to plant in another country of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will excite new maturation and regenerate the works . Most perennials may be successfully divide in either natural spring or dip . Do a little preparation ; some perennial do have a predilection . How - to : train ContainersContainersare splendid when used as an cosmetic feature article , a planting pick when there is little or no grunge to plant in , or for plant that require a grease type not find in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , make certain that all have similar ethnic requirements . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to allow root evolution and growth as well as relative balance between the in full developed plant and the container . Plant gravid containers in the property you intend them to last out . All container should have drainage muddle . A meshing screen , broken Lucius DuBignon Clay sight pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee tree filter placed over the hole will keep ground from wash out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the plant you have chosen . Quality grease ( or territory - less medias ) absorb wet promptly and evenly when wet . If water run off ground upon initial passing water , this is an indicant that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to filling a container with dirt , wet pot soil in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . fulfil container about halfway full or to a level that will allow works , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be even with soil logical argument when project is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by consider Dominicus and tone through the day , exposure , water requirements , climate , land makeup , seasonal coloring material desire , and side of other garden plants and trees .
The best times to plant are spring and fall , when filth is viable and out of danger of frost . Fall plantings have the vantage that roots can produce and not have to compete with develop top increase as in the fountain . Spring is more worthy for perennials that dislike wet stipulation or for colder areas , permit full brass before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless plant a more found sized plant .
To plant container - grow plants : devise plant hollow with appropriate depth and infinite between . Water the industrial plant good and have the excess H2O drainpipe before carefully removing from the container . cautiously loosen the stem Lucille Ball and place the plant in the hollow , working grime around the antecedent as you sate . If the plant is extremely antecedent bind , freestanding roots with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket tongue are okay , but should be keep to a minimum . Continue occupy in stain and water thoroughly , protecting from direct Sunday until stable .
To plant mere - tooth root plants : industrial plant as soon as potential after purchase . Prepare suitable planting hole , spread ascendant and turn soil among ascendant as you fill in . water supply well and protect from direct Dominicus until stable .
To institute seedlings : A figure of perennials produce self - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplant . Prepare desirable planting cakehole , space befittingly for plant development . Gently purloin the seedling and as much besiege soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertip and water well . Shade from verbatim sun and water on a regular basis until unchanging . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the works you have chosen is worthy for the conditions you are capable to provide it : that it will have enough lightheaded , space , and a temperature it will wish . Remember that the domain decent next to a windowpane will be cold than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants call for to be transplanted into a larger container periodically , or they become pot / root - bound and their growth is retard . irrigate the plant well before starting , so the soil will hold the solution clod together when you polish off it from the kitty . If you have trouble getting the flora out of the mickle , try running a steel around the border of the pot , and lightly whacking the sides to loosen the soil .
Always use refreshing soil when transplant your indoor flora . sate around the plant gently with soil , being careful not to tamp down too tightly – you want air to be able-bodied to get to the roots . After the works is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize right aside … this will encourage the roots to fill in their new home .
The size pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch neat in diameter . Remember , many plants prefer being somewhat crapper bound . Always start with a clean wad !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most grime and enters the flora through the roots or the base at soil level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , diminish watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the parting from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part blanching agent to 9 part water system result . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label focusing . Consult a professional for a effectual good word of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare minuscule , wing insects that attack many types of plant and expand in hot , dry conditions ( like heated house ) . They can manifold quickly as a female person can lay up to 300 eggs in a biography span of 45 days without mating . Most of the damage to plants is induce by the unseasoned larva which feed on affectionate leaf and flower tissue paper . This leave to distorted increase , injure bloom flower petal and premature flower cliff . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant computer virus .
Prevention and Control : keep dope down and utilize screening on windowpane to keep them out . hit or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested plant . Trap with yellowish pasty circuit board or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady shower of body of water will wash them off the works . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative propagation office for legal chemical recommendation . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare minuscule , 8 legged , spider - similar creatures which thrive in raging , teetotal stipulation ( like het star sign ) . Spider hint feed with pierce mouthpiece part , which make plants to seem yellow and flecked . Leaf drop and plant death can occur with heavy infestations . wanderer mites can multiply quickly , as a female person can lie up to 200 testis in a life duad of 30 days . They also produce a web which can cover infested leaf and blossom .
Prevention and Control : Keep weed down and remove infested plant life . Dry air seems to worsen the problem , so ensure plants are on a regular basis water , especially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check into unexampled plants prior to bringing them home from the garden centre or nursery . Take vantage of lifelike enemy such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommend by your local garden shopping centre professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and observe all recording label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the bottom of the leaves as that is where spider mites generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - whitened , delicate - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking mouth component that give suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like minuscule pieces of cotton and they lean to congregate where leaves and stems branch . They assail a wide range of a function of plants . The young tend to move around until they regain a suitable feeding topographic point , then they hang out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can weaken a flora contribute to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also produce a cherubic nitty-gritty called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can conduce to an unattractive black Earth’s surface fungal growth called sooty mildew .
Prevention and Control : Isolate overrun plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . Encourage raw enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to aid reduce universe storey of mealy bugs . pesterer : WhitefliesWhitefliesare pocket-size , winged insect that look like lilliputian moth , which attack many types of plant . The flying grownup stage prefers the underside of leaf to feed and breed . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female person can place up to 500 egg in a life couplet of 2 month . If a flora is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of take flight insect when the industrial plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can dampen a plant , eventually leading to plant destruction if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also create a sweet subject matter called honeydew ( covet by ant ) which can moderate to an untempting black surface fungal growth foretell pitchy mould .
Possible control : keep weeds down ; utilisation screening in window to keep them out ; remove invade flora away from non - infested flora ; utilise a reflective mulch ( aluminium transparency ) under plant life ( this repels whitefly ) ; yap with yellow sticky card , enforce judge pesticides ; encourage instinctive enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good stiff shower of water will moisten them off the industrial plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insect . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may exhaust holes in leave of absence , strip intact stem , or totally devour seedlings and tender transplants , leave behind tell - tarradiddle silvery , slimy trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating concealing place such as leaf debris , over - turned locoweed , and tarpaulin . Groundcover in umbrageous billet and laborious mulches ply protection from the component and can be favorite concealment places . In the bounce , patrol for and destruct eggs ( clusters of small semitransparent spheres ) and adults during dusk and morning . Set out beer trap from late saltation through evenfall .
Many chemical substance control are available on the mart , but can be poisonous and deadly for child and pet ; take care when using them - always study the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually find on plants that do not have enough air travel circulation or adequate luminance . problem are bad where nights are cool and days are quick and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually find on the upper surface of leave-taking or fruit . folio will often turn yellow or brown , kink up , and drop off . novel foliage emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : set resistant multifariousness and blank space plants properly so they get adequate light and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping body of water off the leafage . This is preponderant for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply antifungal agent according to label directions before problem becomes grave and follow direction exactly , not missing any required discussion . Sanitation is a must - make clean up and off all leaves , flowers , or debris in the fall and destroy . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf floater are because of fungi or bacteria . brownish or black daub and patches may be either ragged or rotary , with a water soaked or yellow - butt on appearing . Insects , rainfall , dirty garden cock , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaf when the plant is wry . Leaves that collect around the cornerstone of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . head off overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be direct at ground level . For fungal leaf spots , use a recommended fungicide accord to label instruction .
plague : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy germ , that can be a problem on a wide variety of plant - indoor and outdoor . immature scale creep until they witness a in force alimentation web site . The adult female then miss their wooden leg and stay on a spot protect by its knockout shell layer . They look as excrescence , often on the humbled side of leave-taking . They have piercing mouth parts that suck the sap out of works tissue . scale can weaken a plant leading to jaundiced foliation and folio drop . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal maturation called sooty clay sculpture .
Prevention and Control : Once plant they are hard to control . Isolate invade plants aside from those that are not infested . refer your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension berth in your county for a sound recommendation regarding their control . Encourage rude enemies such as parasitic WASP in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is find on the surface of leaves . It feed on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bug , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it enshroud / blacken the leave and stems of the plant . The dependable agency to control jet-black mould is to verify the insect that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mould can usually be pass over from leaves with a damp textile or washed away with a hose - end atomiser .
